101 MODULE

FILMMAKING 101 MODULE:


Task 1:
Basics on set
Location recce
go to set to identify hazards like injury or crime and survey the area to see if the scene will be possible and safe


risk assessment

a risk assessment is a study of what can cause harm on a certain shoot or location.


on set calls

action said by assistant director

cut is said by director

recording said by camera operator

quiet on set said by assistant director

these calls are used by the specific people because it makes clarity on set and erases any chance of ruin and muck from affecting the film and its making progress. 

Task 2:

Shot Sizes

shot size is how much the setting or subject is shown within a given frame of a film, photo or animation. Hence, the size  of the shot

different types of shot size include:

the Full shot:  

The full shot shows the character in full. 

The close up: 

To display a characters facial features/expressions and emotions.

The extreme close up:

The extreme close up allows the viewer to enter the characters intimate space. 

The establishing shot: 

The establishing shot sets the scene and the setting of a scene. 

The medium shot: 

The medium shot displays a character from the waist up

The medium-close up: 

The medium close up is used from the chest or shoulder up to the head. This is also known as the cowboy shot. The cowboy shot was often used in old western movies and it displays a characters power and presence. 

I used images from some of my favourite films. Thor(2011), Get out(2017), Xmen: First Class(2011),Harry Potter and the philosophers stone(2001), Pulp Fiction(1994), Silence of the lambs(1991). 

Shot Types

The two shot displays two characters in frame and and their relationship with each other.

The single shot displays one character and can be used and all different shot shot sizes  

The POV shot shows the characters point of view allowing us to be intimate with the character

The OTS shot is most commonly used shot used for dialogue and characters having a conversation. 

The insert shot is used as a place holder and includes important details for characters. 

Shot Angle

An angle shot is a shot from a specific angle. For example:

High Angle- 

Used to show a characters weakness and make them look submissive

Low Angle- 

Used to show power and strength within a character that's in the shot

Overhead-

Made using a camera overhead

Eye level-

at level with a characters eyes

Shoulder level- 

This angle is made by setting the camera at shoulder level

Dutch level- 

used to show confused feelings 

Knee level- 

Filmed at knee level

Ground level-

Displays direction in which the character is going

hip level- 

a mix of cowboy and low angle shot. 

Task 3-Mise En Scene

Mise-En-Sene is a term that referrers to the arrangement of actors, props, and the scenery of a scene in a film or on a theatrical stage. The term translated into English is "Setting the scene". The term Mise-En-Scene was invented by Constantin Stanislavsky. One key Element of Mise-En-Scene is set design. This element is the look of the film on screen overall. For example, in a western movie the scene and the overall look of the film will be in the American west. So the overall look would be a desert and small towns made all of wooden houses with buildings such as saloons. A set design can also be used to portray a characters emotions or the characters "Dominant" mood. Another element is props. Props can also be used to set the scene depending on the location of the scene and the props used. For example if there was a scene set in a bunker with surgical equipment on an old wooden table, This could imply a horror movie or a thriller. Or maybe even a war movie inside of a bomb shelter. Another element is lighting. Lighting is important to a film as it is used to tell the audience where to look during certain scenes and it can also be used to express how a character is feeling. Another element to Mise-En-Scene is costumes. Costumes can be used to portray character development for example in the TV show "breaking bad", the character "Walter White" wears bright vibrant colors at the start of the show. However, the more the show progresses into later seasons and Walter White slowly becomes the villain, He starts to strictly wear darker clothes. The final element is "Actor Blocking". Actor blocking shapes how you want the audience to engage with the film and figuring out little details of a character off screen.

Task 4-Rule of thirds

The rule of thirds is a guideline in cinematography that is used to make sure that the two characters keep the same left/right relationship while in frame of the camera. The frame is divided into nine squares that appear on camera. These nine squares act as a reference point which guides the camera crew to the keep the actor in frame. 

In most shots that involve people, the grid is required to be in line with the actors face and eyes. However, depending on the shot the grid is not always in line with the actors eyes. The subject in the grid can be an actor or a prop and they can both be at opposite sides of the grid. However, if it is a prop. It will need rom around it so its obvious to the viewer what they're supposed to be looking at.